Rice Yellow Mottle Virus

 Why in News?
     A recent genomic study has confirmed the widespread presence of Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV) across rice-growing regions in Africa, posing a serious threat to the continent's rice production. 
Key Provisions;-
    Originating in the mid-1800s in the Eastern Arc Mountains—now part of Tanzania and known for its rich biodiversity—RYMV is a highly infectious pathogen affecting rice and related grass species. Belonging to the Sobemovirus genus, it is endemic to Africa and found in most of its rice-producing countries. The virus is notorious for its high genetic variability, allowing it to rapidly evolve and overcome plant resistance genes. RYMV is primarily transmitted by beetles from the Chrysomelidae family, as well as grasshoppers like Conocephalus merumontanus and Oxya species. Transmission can also occur through contact with infected plant roots via injuries and even indirectly via animals like cows, rats, and donkeys. Although detected on seeds, research shows it is not spread through seed transmission.

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